{"created":"2023-05-15T14:22:53.666133+00:00","id":764,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"25b111b8-c9b1-45fd-9f99-87e479bf3048"},"_deposit":{"created_by":3,"id":"764","owners":[3],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"764"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:repository.ninjal.ac.jp:00000764","sets":["51:78"]},"author_link":["6609","6608"],"item_10002_biblio_info_40":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2014-02","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"3","bibliographicPageEnd":"230","bibliographicPageStart":"211","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"4","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"国語研プロジェクトレビュー"},{"bibliographic_title":"NINJAL Project Review","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10002_description_35":{"attribute_name":"著者所属(英)","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"The Ohio State University","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10002_description_36":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"日本語はこれまで,韓国語や満州語,タミール語などの言語と比較されてきたが,これらの言語と日本語との間の系統関係について説得力のある説はこれまでに提示されていない。このことを,日本語には「同じ系統に属する言語がない」という意味にとらえれば,日本語は孤立言語であるということになる。孤立言語とは,共通祖語から共に発達した他の言語が全て絶滅してしまい,一つだけが生き残ったと考えられる言語のことである。日本語を孤立言語として扱ったとしても,例えば日本語話者の祖先がいつどこからこの地域にやってきたのか,というような,日本語の発達経緯に関するさまざまな疑問を解明することにはならない。だが,日本語と他の言語との系統関係を探り続けることで得られる知識は,たとえ不完全なものであるにしろ,日本語が孤立言語であると結論づけてしまうよりも,言語学的に貢献するところが大きい。多様性に富み規模が大きないくつかの言語族(例えば,インド・ヨーロッパ語族,オーストロネシア語族,中国語族)は,その共通祖語が話されていた年代がいつごろであるかについてかなり正確にわかっているが,これらの言語の存続が五千年を超えるものは一つもない。それゆえに,日本語が厳密な意味での孤立言語であるという主張は,同時に,日本語が非常に古い言語であるということ,また,日本語が発達してきたと考えられるその途方もない長い時間の中で,同じ祖語から派生した日本語以外の全ての言語が絶滅する運命をたどったのだと主張することになる。そのような状況に至った経緯をさまざまに想像するのはたやすいが,本論文において詳しく検証するように,いかなる仮定的状況についても,言語学的あるいは非言語学的側面から立証することは難しい。日本の先史について言えば,関連する言語以外の情報がかなり豊富に存在するので,言語の発達経緯の研究過程で,そのような情報を,言語学的仮説の範疇を特定したり修正してゆくために大いに利用すべきである。","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_description_37":{"attribute_name":"抄録(英)","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"At present, no one has offered a definitive demonstration that the Japanese language is related to Korean, Manchu, Tamil, or any other language to which it has been compared. Thus, technically speaking, Japanese is an isolate, a language whose ancestors and all their other progeny now appear to be extinct. But to say that Japanese is an isolate does not answer specific questions, such as when and from where the earliest speakers of Japanese came to their present range. On the contrary, to claim that it does so is very different from merely giving reasons to reject this or that purported answer. We have reasonably good estimates of the age of several large, highly diverse families of languages (e.g. Indo-European, Austronesian, Sinitic), and none is more than about 5,000 years old. Therefore, to say that Japanese is an isolate in the strong sense is to claim that it must be extraordinarily old, and that fate has annihilated every one of the other descendants of its ultimate ancestor over its immense lifespan. It is easy to imagine different prehistories in which such a situation arose, but none gets support from either non-linguistic or linguistic data, which are reviewed in detail in this paper. In the case of Japanese, pertinent non-linguistic evidence is copious and particularly useful in limiting the scope of realistic linguistic hypotheses.","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10002_description_51":{"attribute_name":"フォーマット","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"application/pdf","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10002_identifier_registration":{"attribute_name":"ID登録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_reg_text":"10.15084/00000755","subitem_identifier_reg_type":"JaLC"}]},"item_10002_publisher_39":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"国立国語研究所"}]},"item_10002_source_id_41":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"2185-0100","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"},{"subitem_source_identifier":"2185-0119","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_10002_source_id_44":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"AA12480598","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_10002_version_type_52":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"アンガー, J. マーシャル"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"UNGER, J. Marshall","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2019-02-20"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"review040307.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"1.3 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"review040307.pdf","url":"https://repository.ninjal.ac.jp/record/764/files/review040307.pdf"},"version_id":"fffb4bc8-b44d-4928-8605-2855d4ff9198"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"〈Research by Invited Scholars〉 判断を早まるな : 日本語を孤立言語とする見解に対する考察","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"〈Research by Invited Scholars〉 判断を早まるな : 日本語を孤立言語とする見解に対する考察"},{"subitem_title":"No Rush to Judgment : The Case against Japanese as an Isolate","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"3","path":["78"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2015-10-30"},"publish_date":"2015-10-30","publish_status":"0","recid":"764","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["〈Research by Invited Scholars〉 判断を早まるな : 日本語を孤立言語とする見解に対する考察"],"weko_creator_id":"3","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-05-16T10:07:12.343701+00:00"}