@book{oai:repository.ninjal.ac.jp:00001238,
 author = {国立国語研究所 and The National Language Research Institute},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {This is an analytical study which attempts to survey the characteristics of colloquial Japanese from various points of view. 

The main materials were collected from everyday conversations spoken by natives of Tokyo, and from radio news programs, news commentaries, symposia, comic stories, plays, lectures, and so on.

The items investigated were: (1) intonation; (2) length of sentences; bunsetu or Bloch's pause groups, and words; (3) sentence structure; (4) parts of speech, their usage and frequency.

The results are as follows:
1. Keeping Pike's four-step-high-low tone system in mind, we examined the utterances of 44 informants; we found 42 kinds of intonation at the end of sentences. We found only four kinds of such intonation on the radio. We divided these kinds of intonation into five main intonation patterns.
2. The average length of a sentence was 3.8 bunsetu. Sentences composed of one bunsetu accounted for nearly one-third of the total. In radio news programs and news commentaries, the average length of the sentences were 16.5 bunsetu and 21 bunsetu respectively; sentences of one bunsetu were only about 2% of the total.
3. Sentences without expressed subjects constituted 74% of the total; those in news programs were only 37%. Inverted sentences were 7%; in news, 0%. Sentences with more than five components constituted about 5% of the total in conversation; in news, 30%.
4. The frequency of parts of speech in all the data was: nouns 20.5%; verbs 12.2%; adjectives 2.7%; adjectival verbs 1.2%; adverbs 6.1%; pronouns 0.8%;conjunctives 1.9%; interjections 4.7% (total of free forms 50.1%); zyosi 34.7%; zyodôsi 12.9% (total of bound forms 47.6%); sandhi-forms 2.3%. 36% of the adjectival verbs were kango, or Chinese borrowings.

This survey was conducted by NAKAMURA Mitio, ÔISI Hatutarô, UNO Yosikata, IITOYO Kiiti and SINDÔ Sakiko., application/pdf},
 publisher = {国立国語研究所},
 title = {談話語の実態},
 year = {1955},
 yomi = {コクリツ コクゴ ケンキュウジョ}
}